Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive and sexual health problems of female patients with bipolar disorder. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and a questionnaire, which was prepared by the researchers based on the literature and designed to determine the reproductive and sexual health issues among the participants. Results: It was determined that the bipolar disorder group had no previous knowledge about menarche and did not menstruate regularly. Compared to the healthy controls, they also experienced more premenstrual problems, masturbated more, had more sexual partners and had more sexually transmitted diseases. Unplanned pregnancy and abortion rates reported more in bipolar group. Moreover, bipolar disorder group reported not to have mammograms and gynecological examinations as required. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that female patients with bipolar disorder had more reproductive and sexual health related problems than those healthy controls. Its effects may continue beyond the acute episodes during remission, too. Although there Ps Experience Escort Girls no significant difference between the sexes in terms of the prevalence rates for BD, it can be said that the course of the disorder is more problematic in women. BD requires the lifelong use of protective medications; it starts in an early period of life and is of a recurrent nature. However, long-term drug use entails high risks especially for female patients 1,2. BD sufferers may be more prone to certain psychiatric disorders that lead to changes in their hormone status during their reproductive period. Furthermore, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period the use of protective medications is frequently interrupted, which constitutes Ps Experience Escort Girls risk for the recurrence of the disorder. Women with BD refrain from becoming pregnant and may postpone their pregnancy as a result of the protective treatment they use, or their pregnancy may be terminated due to the teratogenic effect of the medications used during that period. Moreover, menstrual disorders frequently accompanying drug use may affect their fertility Cases that show a parallelism between the mood cycle and the menstrual cycle are mentioned in the literature 3,4. There are also indications that the reproductive and sexual health of women with BD may be poor. Among women with BD the rate of unplanned pregnancy is high 5as is the rate of sexually transmitted diseases STDs 5,6. Morevover, the use of contraceptives is low 7,8 and menstrual problems are more common in this population 9, The number of studies on this subject in the Turkish literature is quite insufficient; hence, we aimed to increase the existing knowledge. Our study was planned in order to reveal reproductive and sexual health problems of women with BD by comparing them with healthy women. While clinicians focus on the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, other problems such as physical diseases, reproductive Ps Experience Escort Girls sexual health problems are often neglected. This study emphasizes the necessity of considering physical and mental health together. The research questions are as follows: What reproductive and sexual health problems do women with BD suffer from? Is there a difference in the reproductive and sexual health outcomes between women with BD and the control group? The average number of BD patients hospitalized Ps Experience Escort Girls the last year was Nine participants refused to participate in the study; 8 participants were excluded because they were unable to complete the forms; 3 participants did not know the Turkish language; the response rate was The control group consisted of women who presented to a primary care health institution. The average number of outpatients in the last year at this primary care health institution was 10, As the researcher who collected the data of the control group NEB was working outside the institution, only participants were reached. Thirty-five participants refused to participate in the study; 9 participants were excluded because they could not complete the forms; the response rate was The data collection form consisted of five parts. Each of the questions in the questionnaire was answered in multiple-choice format. The Information Form was validated through expert opinions. The Expert Board consisted of a psychiatric nurse, a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and an academic member of staff. A pilot study was conducted with 9 women with BD and 9 healthy women who did not participate in the study. The questionnaires were finalized according to expert opinions and the results of the pilot practice. Procedure The prospective participants of each group were provided with verbal and written details regarding the study, including the choice to remove themselves from the study at any time. Written informed consent was obtained from the eventual participants. Each interview was conducted face to face and took approximately minutes. Ethical Considerations Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics board of the hospital where the study was conducted, and each participant was asked to submit a written informed consent form No:
More recently, Layden also advised developers to make shorter games and not to focus too much on realistic graphics, to help with with sustainability in developing games in the future — which seems very sage advice. More detailed studies of different types are required in order to understand the relationship between menstrual cycle and BD. Smoking cessation in pregnant women with mental disorders: a cohort and nested qualitative study. The finding that unsafe sex and the use of ineffective family planning actually contribute to more unwanted pregnancies in the study group than in the control group is another striking point in our study. We did not administer a standardized test such as SCID to identify possible psychiatric disorders, which is a further limitation of our study. Like the involvement of other organ systems, pathology in the lung primarily results from tissue damage due to iron overload.
Çalışma Saatleri
Sex ✓BDSM ✓Golden&Brown Shower ✓Domination ✓3Somes & Groupsex ✓Submissive ✓Couples ✓Top And Bottom ✓Body Massage ✓Girlfriend Experience ✓Prostate. Camila the hottest escort girl in Istanbul Turkey. I'm sexy girl,- I am a SUPER ELITE VIP escort for the most selective gentlemen in the world.! Camila will provide you best escort service on the highest level. Here you find the biggest escort guide with escorts Ankara and other escorts like Laura providing escort services • Female escort Laura (29). I like offering a high level of GIRLFRIEND. Hi my gentlemen,.Tümü için. Email gamecentral metro. The research questions are as follows: What reproductive and sexual health problems do women with BD suffer from? Another limitation of our study was that we did not exclude the diagnostic subgroups of Axis II diagnoses of patients. Our finding that these women undergo less cancer screening although they are at a higher risk is consistent with the literature It was found that women with BD have more premenstrual complaints and irregular menstruation and may have more than one sexual partner at the same time. Reklamı verilen tüm materyal, yayınlanmadan önce incelenir. Although iron accumulation is blamed in the pathophysiology, only a weak negative correlation was found between MEF and ferritin. Unplanned pregnancy and abortion rates reported more in bipolar group. Multi-dimensional studies that examine the social functionality of BD by its types and especially the effects of the disorder and drugs on fertility are required in the future. Schedule your skype video call with Amina Sweet. Similar articles. Analysis of pulmonary functions and laboratory tests according to ferritin quartiles. Lamotrigine and GABA A receptor modulators interact with menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptives to regulate mood in women with bipolar disorder. In such cases, in addition to the behavioral effects of the psychiatric disorder on women, state policies on reproductive health and the cultural structure are also of great importance. In our study, cigarette use during pregnancy and the postpartum period in women with BD in the study group was found to be higher than in the control group. This may cause overreporting. Psychopharmacological drug utilization patterns in pregnant women with bipolar disorder — A nationwide register-based study. Kullanıcı adı Şifre Şifrenizi mi unuttunuz? Safety of hormonal contraception and intrauterine devices among women with depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review. Our study included a large number of patients. It should be noted that women with BD need to be informed more about these issues in clinical practice. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bipolar bozukluk, aile planlaması, üreme sağlığı, cinsellik. PFTs were performed on the day the patient was supposed to receive a transfusion but before the transfusion. Assuming that increasing age will increase tissue damage in the patient, significant deterioration of PFT can be expected at later ages. Li et al. Written informed consent was obtained from the eventual participants. Share this article via email. Moreover, bipolar disorder group reported not to have mammograms and gynecological examinations as required. It is a retrospective observational study. More recently, Layden also advised developers to make shorter games and not to focus too much on realistic graphics, to help with with sustainability in developing games in the future — which seems very sage advice. Bize Ulaşın. This study emphasizes the necessity of considering physical and mental health together. Volavka J.
